<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marianela Vara-Messler</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jorge Humberto Mukdsi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Natalia Osieki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">E. Benizio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gastón Repossi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ebenezer I. O. Ajayi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Néstor H. García</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eicosapentaenoicacidpreventssaltsensitivityindiabeticratsdecreasingoxidativestress</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nutrition</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2019.110644</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Salt sensitivity (SS) is associated with increased cardiovascular risk in&amp;nbsp;type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2-DM) patients due to an increase in renal oxidation. ω-3&amp;nbsp;polyunsaturated fatty acids have shown antioxidant effects, but a typical Western diet&amp;nbsp;has limited content of them. In particular, ω-3 PUFAs are able to activate Nrf-2 (nuclear&amp;nbsp;factor erythroid 2-related factor) to prevent DM-related complications by mitigating&amp;nbsp;oxidative stress. Therefore, we hypothesized that eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, ω-3)&amp;nbsp;modulates SS in T2-DM rats, by decreasing renal oxidative stress via Nrf-2 activation,&amp;nbsp;and enhancing the anti-inflammatory response via IL-6 modulation. 3-months-old male rats (n=40) were fed with a normal Na-diet (NNaD) and randomly&amp;nbsp;selected into 4 groups: i. healthy Wistar rats, non-diabetic rats (Wi), ii. diabetic control&amp;nbsp;(eSS), iii. arachidonic acid-treated eSS (ω-6) (AA), iv. EPA-treated eSS (ω-3) (EPA).&amp;nbsp;After one year, rats were placed in metabolic cages for 7 days and fed with a NNaD and&amp;nbsp;followed by a 7 days period with high Na-diet (HNaD). Systolic blood pressure (SBP),&amp;nbsp;body weight (BW), serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels&amp;nbsp;were determined at the end of each 7-day period. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c),&amp;nbsp;triglycerides (TAG), creatinine and cholesterol (Chol) were determined. ROS levels and&amp;nbsp;Nrf-2 expression in kidney lysates were also assayed. Histological changes were&amp;nbsp;evaluated. T-test or ANOVA were used for statistical analysis. Following&amp;nbsp;HNaD, SBP increased in both control eSS and AA groups, but not in EPA and Wi groups. However, HbA1c remained unchanged by the treatments, suggesting that the&amp;nbsp;beneficial effect observed was independent of HbA1c level. IL-6 levels were higher in&amp;nbsp;eSS and AA, but it remained unaltered in EPA and Wi rats following HNaD diet. Interestingly, EPA protected against serum ROS in rats fed the HNaD, whereas AA did&amp;nbsp;not. In kidney lysates, ROS decreased significantly in EPA compared to eSS, and&amp;nbsp;consistently, Nrf-2 expression was higher compared to AA and eSS. Diabetic rats&amp;nbsp;presented focal segmental sclerosis, adherence to Bowman capsule and mild to&amp;nbsp;moderate interstitial fibrosis. EPA and AA treatment prevented the kidney damage.&amp;nbsp;An adequate ω3:ω6 prevents SS in diabetic rats, by a mechanism&amp;nbsp;independent of glucose metabolism but associated to the prevention of renal oxidative&amp;nbsp;stress generation. These data suggest that EPA antioxidant properties may prevent the&amp;nbsp;development of hypertension or kidney damage.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record></records></xml>