<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">E. I. O. Ajayi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">B. J. Adetunji</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M. A. Adeleke</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A. O. Onilejin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M. O. Idrees</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">T. E. Babalola</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emerging dichlorvos-based air freshener pertube kidney function in male albino rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Innovations in Food Technology - Current Perspectives and Future Goals, Eds Pragya Mishra, Raghvendra Raman Mishra, Ratna Shanker Mishra, Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year></dates><edition><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></edition><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Springer</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">India</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">466-476</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Dichlorvos is an active ingredient, which is predominantly present in all synthetic and local&amp;nbsp;organophosphorus pesticides used indiscriminately in Nigeria homes and farms. The&amp;nbsp;deleterious effects of this toxicant have been severally reported. Recently, some dichlorvos-based air fresheners have been introduced into the market both for insect eradication and&amp;nbsp;aromatic fragrance, by spraying as mist in homes and offices without the need to vacate the&amp;nbsp;space. The aim of this study, therefore, was to investigate the effects of two variants of&amp;nbsp;dichlorvos-based aerosols, Sharp Action® (insecticide) and Choice Double Action® air&amp;nbsp;freshener) on kidney function indices of experimental rats compared to DD Force® . Thirty-six&amp;nbsp;(36) male albino rats weighing 180-200g were randomly divided into six groups: Sharp&amp;nbsp;Action ® (SA 1 , 1:12; SA 2 , 1:24), Choice Double Action® (CDA 1 , 1:0.5; CDA 2 , 1:1), DD&amp;nbsp;Force® (DDF, 25 ng/kg) and Control, respectively. The 3 commercial samples were orally&amp;nbsp;administered to rats for 21 days, and following overnight fasting, the rats were sacrificed.&amp;nbsp;Blood was collected for biochemical analysis while kidney was excised for organ–body&amp;nbsp;weight assessment. The results obtained showed that the organ-body weight ratio&amp;nbsp;significantly increased in all treated groups (4.4×10&lt;sup&gt;-3&lt;/sup&gt;, 4.1×10&lt;sup&gt;-3&lt;/sup&gt;, 5.2×10&lt;sup&gt;-3&lt;/sup&gt;, 4.9×10&lt;sup&gt;-3&lt;/sup&gt;, 4.8×10&lt;sup&gt;-3&lt;/sup&gt;,&amp;nbsp;respectively) compared to the control (3.3×10&lt;sup&gt;-3&lt;/sup&gt;). Also, serum urea and creatinine significantly&amp;nbsp;increased (p&amp;lt;0.05) in CDA 1 and CDA 2 (8.39±1.14 mg/dl and 9.55±1.08 mg/dl;&amp;nbsp;7.38±1.11 mg/dl and 8.07±1.17 mg/dl, respectively) similar to DD Force® (6.40±1.02 mg/dl&amp;nbsp;and 7.90±1.18 mg/dl). These were higher compared to SA 1 and SA 2 (5.98±1.01 mg/dl and&amp;nbsp;6.78±1.05 mg/dl; 5.40±0.09 mg/dl and 6.40±1.03 mg/dl) and control (4.89±0.75mg/dl and&amp;nbsp;5.83±0.69 mg/dl). Serum albumin and total protein were significantly lowered by the toxicant&amp;nbsp;(50.48±1.73 g/l and 153.95±8.09 g/l; 53.66±1.33 g/l and 139.46±9.59 g/l; 36.93±2.41 g/l and&amp;nbsp;81.49±4.38 g/l; 41.89±2.79 g/l and 89.83±3.72 g/l; 41.32±1.10 g/l and 89.66±1.38 g/l,&amp;nbsp;respectively) when compared with the control (66.30±3.63 g/l and 216.30±6.87 g/l, p&amp;lt;0.05).&amp;nbsp;These results suggest that kidney function as well as protein synthesis were seriously&amp;nbsp;impaired by all the dichlorvos samples, more importantly by Choice Double Action®. Embracing these dichlorvos-based air fresheners may increase the incidence of chronic&amp;nbsp;kidney disease in the country arising from its nephrotoxicity and ability to damage the&amp;nbsp;kidney.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Key words:&amp;nbsp;Dichlorvos, pesticides, inflammation, nephrotoxicity, chronic kidney disease&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record></records></xml>